Plantas desérticas como estrategia socioambiental para mitigar la desertificación
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Publicado:
mar 20, 2024
Palabras clave:
Zonas áridas, restauración, plantas endémicas
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Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar el estado actual de la desertificación, proceso de degradación de la capacidad productiva de la tierra, que se presenta en particularmente en las regiones áridas y semiáridas del mundo. La desertificación tiene impactos negativos en la naturaleza, ya que representa una amenaza para diversidad, seguridad alimentaria y calidad de vida a nivel internacional. Este fenómeno aumenta progresivamente como consecuencia de factores ambientales y por intervención del hombre en muchas regiones del mundo. En esta revisión, se plantea el uso de plantas endémicas de zonas áridas como estrategia para detener y/o prevenir el fenómeno de la desertificación. Adicionalmente se incluyen aspectos sociales que deben ser tomados en cuenta en los proyectos de restauración utilizando especies endémicas, como pieza clave para obtener los resultados esperados.
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Herrera-Sepúlveda, A., Argentel-Martínez, L., Torres, J. R., Peñuelas Rubio, O., Mondaca-Fernández, I., & Rodríguez-Sauceda, E. N. (2024). Plantas desérticas como estrategia socioambiental para mitigar la desertificación . Revista Latinoamericana De Recursos Naturales, 20(1), 18-23. Recuperado a partir de https://revista.itson.edu.mx/index.php/rlrn/article/view/341
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Artículos Originales
Citas
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205760
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Alsharif, W., Saad, M.M., Hirt, H. 2020. Desert microbes for boosting sustainable agriculture in extreme environments. Frontiers in microbiology, 11, 496411. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01666
Andrade-Limas, E. 2006. Sistemas agrosilvopastoriles y conservación de suelo y agua en la zona II de la Cuenca de Burgos. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Centro de Desarrollo Regional Sustentable. Informe final SNIBCONABIO proyecto No. CJ073. México D. F.
Aparecido, L.M., Woo, S., Suazo, C., Hultine, K.R., Blonder, B. 2020. High water use in desert plants exposed to extreme heat. Ecology Letters, 23(8), 1189-1200. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13516
Becerril-Piña, R., Mastachi-Loza, C.A. 2021. Desertification: Causes and countermeasures. Life on land, 219-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95981-8_81
Blilou, I., Hirt, H. 2023. Desert plants to stop desertification: To succeed, reforestation projects to reclaim once fertile lands need to consider the local abiotic, biotic, and social factors. EMBO reports, 24(2), e56687.
https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202256687
Burrell, A.L., Evans, J.P., De Kauwe, M.G. 2020. Anthropogenic climate change has driven over 5 million km2 of drylands towards desertification. Nature communications, 11(1), 3853. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17710-7
Ceccon, E. 2013. Restauración en bosques tropicales: fundamentos ecológicos, prácticos y sociales. Madrid (España): Ediciones Díaz de Santos. ISBN: 978-84-9969615-7.
Cherlet, M., Hutchinson, C., Reynolds, J., Hill, J., Sommer, S., and Von Maltitz. G., 2018. World atlas of desertification. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, ISBN SBN 978-92-79-75350-3, doi:10.2760/9205 D’Odorico, P., Bhattachan, A., Davis, K.F., Ravi, S., Runyan, C.W. 2013. Global desertification: Drivers and feedbacks. Advances in water resources, 51, 326-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.01.013
Davies, J., Barchiesi, S., Ogali, C.J., Welling, R., Dalton, J., Laban, P. 2016. Water in drylands: Adapting to scarcity through integrated management. IUCN, Gland. ISBN: 9782-8317-1803-3. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2016.06.en
Di Sacco, A., Way, M., León-Lobos, P., Suárez-Ballesteros, C.I., Diaz, J. 2020. Manual de recolección, procesamiento y conservación de semillas de plantas silvestres. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew e Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. https://doi.org/10.34885/175
Eswaran, H., Reich, P., Beinroth, F. 1999. Global desertification tension zones. In Sustaining the global farm. Selected papers from the 10th International Soil Conservation Organization Meeting. Vol. 29, pp. 24-28.
Farinaccio, F.M., Ceccon, E., Pérez, D.R. 2021. Starting points for the restoration of desertified drylands: puesteros’ cultural values in the use of native flora. Ecosystems and People, 17(1), 476-490. https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2021.1968035
Granados-Sánchez, D., López-Ríos, G.F., Gama-Flores, J.L. 1998. Adaptaciones y estrategias de las plantas de zonas áridas. Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales y del ambiente, 4(1), 169-178.
Gómez-Anduro, G., Payan-Cazares, E., Hernández-Gonzalez, J., Melero-Astorga, J.M. 2023. Chiltepín: El oro rojo del Desierto Sonorense. Biotecnológica Magazine, 1(5), 6-10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10479476
Martínez-Romero, P., Ceccon, E. 2017. Socio-ecological criteria for selecting native tree species for the productive restoration of lowland deciduous forests of Santa Ana del Valle, Oaxaca, Mexico. In: Ceccon E, Pérez DR (Coord.). Beyond restoration ecology: social perspectives in Latin America and Caribbean. Vazquez Mazzini Editors, Buenos Aires (Argentina). p. 279–291. ISBN: 978-987-9132-55-5.
Moreno, M., De-Bashan, L.E., Hernandez, J.P., Lopez, B.R., Bashan, Y. 2017. Success of long-term restoration of degraded arid land using native trees planted 11 years earlier. Plant and soil, 421, 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3438-z
Pérez, D.R., Farinaccio, F.M., Aronson, J. 2019. Towards a dryland framework species approach. Research in Progress in the Monte Austral of Argentina. Arid Environments 161:1–10. https://doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.09.001
Schlesinger, W.H., Pilmanis, A.M. 1998. Plant-soil interactions in deserts. Biogeochemistry, 42, 169-187. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005939924434
Token, S., Jiang, L., Zhang, L., Lv, G. 2022. Effects of plant diversity on primary productivity and community stability along soil water and salinity gradients. Global Ecology and Conservation, 36, e02095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02095
UNCCD. 1994. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee For a Convention to Combat Desertification, Elaboration of an International Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa. U.N. Doc. A/AC.241/27, 33 I.L.M. 1328. New York, United Nations.
UNCCD. 2020. The Great Green Wall implementation status and way ahead to 2030 advanced version. Bonn, Germany: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. ISBN: 978-92-95118-26-3
Uselman, S.M., Davison, J., Baughman, O.W., Sullivan, B.W., Miller, W.W., Leger, E.A. 2018. Restoring dryland old fields with native shrubs and grasses: Does facilitation and seed source matter?. Plos one, 13(10), e0205760.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205760
Zucca, C., Julitta, F., Previtali, F. 2011. Land restoration by fodder shrubs in a semi-arid agro-pastoral area of Morocco. Effects on soils. Catena, 87(3), 306-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2011.06.017