Soil biotic activity and oil pollution
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Abstract
Nowadays soils pollution is one of the most important ecological problems, this one can concern the characteristics of soil. Biological tests, as the enzimatic activity and ATP's production, can serve to characterize the composition and the functioning of edaphic biota, they are an important tool to study the impact of the agents pollutants in the soil. The effect of refinery sludge on the biological activity of soils located in the region Cartagena – La Union of Cartagena, SE Spain was evaluated. From an area that has received refinery sludge, three sites were chosen for soil sampling; the sampling included intact soil. Edaphic respiration, enzymatic activity (Urease and Phosphatase), ATP's production and fitotoxicidad were evaluated; besides soil physical-chemical analysis. Results indicate that ATP's production was major in the soil with more pollution since the presence of hydrocarbons stimulates soil microbial populations, this fact repeated itself in case of the activity of the urease and phosphatase, and the values of these were major in the soils with more refinery sludge in comparison with the not contaminated soils. The germination of the seeds diminished of 100 % in the intact soil to 39.6 % of the most contaminated soil. Hydrocarbons soil pollution affect significantly (P>0.005) soil pH; the electrical conductivity increased 5.6 times with relation to not contaminated soil; due to the contribution that they do, the compounds included in the refinery mud observation included the content of total Zn that increased in soil with refinery sludge by 3 fold in relation with the intact soil; the variation in the contents of total Cu was of 69.57 mg of the soil most contaminated with regard to the intact soil. As a conclusion hydrocarbons soil pollution in the shape of refinery sludge, impact physical and chemical aspects as well the biological aspects of the soil, which - with the exception of the germination of seeds - were stimulated by this type of pollution.
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