Cd, Pb and Essential Elements Relationships in the Phytoaccumulation Process in Nicotiana tabacum L.
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Abstract
This research work was carried out with the aim of identifying important relationships between Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and other essential elements, and their effects on the accumulation capacity in Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco). Under greenhouse conditions, a group of plants was established in pots containing nocontaminated soil (treatment 1), whereas another group was established in pots filled with Cd- and Pbcontaminated soil using 10 and 500 ppm, respectively (treatment 2). Fifty days after plantation, above ground biomass in each pot was harvested and then dried to get constant weight. Additionally, Cd, Pb, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn were determined. Each heavy metal accumulation was estimated by using biomass dry weight and element concentration. Results suggest that P and Ca concentration were diminished, while Cu and Zn concentrations were increased due to Cd and Pb effects. Bivariate relationships allowed us to appreciate a K-Pb antagonism, and Cu-Cd and Cu-Cd synergisms. Ratios affected by both heavy metals were: Ca/Mn, Mg/Cu, Fe/Cu, Ca/Cu. However, there are no enough evidences to conclude these ratios affect element accumulations, because none of the ratios are related to above ground dry mass.
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