Evaluation of surfactant-solvent mixtures for bioremediation of contaminated soil
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Abstract
Among various technologies for the remediation of contaminated soils with diesel, bioremediation and soil washing emerges as effective alternatives, in both treatments can be applied surfactants. These surfactants can act in synergy with other substances, which is demonstrated through of surface tension analyses. Individual surfactants and formulations were assayed, in order to find the ideal mixture. Once it was chosen the effect of a surfactant-solvent mixture was studied. Two treatments were evaluated in a soil contaminated with diesel at a concentration of 5,950 mg kg-1 of total petroleum hydrocarbons, the first treatment corresponds to soil washing and the second was a biological treatment. The best results were obtained with mixture Tween 80 with D-Limonene with the highest concentration studied (10,000 mg kg-1) for soil washing, achieving 80% of removal. However, for bioremediation better results were obtained with the lowest doses tried (2 mg kg-1) with a 78.6% of removal for 50 days. When mixtures of surfactants were used (or added) in soil washing and bioremediation an increase of 60 and 25% of removal was achieved respectively, in comparison without. Therefore, results obtained in this study permit to argue that desorption and removal is improved in both systems. In addition there was a better efficiency by removing the oil by soil washing and facilitated the solubility and bioavailability of petroleum compounds in the case of biological treatment.
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Riojas-González, H. (2010). Evaluation of surfactant-solvent mixtures for bioremediation of contaminated soil. Revista Latinoamericana De Recursos Naturales, 6(2), 100-109. Retrieved from https://revista.itson.edu.mx/index.php/rlrn/article/view/187
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
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Torres L.G., Orantes, J.L., Iturbe, R. 2003. Critical micellar concentrations for three surfactants and their diesel-removal efficiencies in petroleum-contaminated soils. Environmental Geosciences. 10 (1): 28–36
Torres, L.G., Rojas, N. y Iturbe, R., 2004. Use of two-surfactants mixtures to attain specific HLB values for assisted TPH-diesel biodegradation: Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 16 (6): 950–956.
Tsai T. T., Kao, C.M., Yeh, T.Y., Liang, S.H. y Chien, H.Y. 2009. Remediation of Fuel Oil-Contaminated Soils by a Three-Stage Treatment System. Environmental Engineering Science, 26(3): 651-659.
Urum K., Pekdemir, T., Copur, M. 2004. Surfactant Treatment of Crude Oil Contaminated Soils. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (276): 456-464.
Yang L. 2000. Biodegradation of dispersed diesel fuel under high salinity conditions. Water Research, 13 (34): 3303-3314.
Youssef N.H., Nguyen, T., Sabatini, D.A., McInerney, M.J. 2007. Basis for formulating biosurfactant mixtures to achieve ultra low interfacial tension values against hydrocarbons. Journal of Industrial Microbiology Biotechnology. (34): 497–507.
Bouyoucos G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, (54):464–465.
Cardona S. y Iturbe, R. 2003. Biodegradación de diesel mexicano por un consorcio de bacterias de un suelo agrícola. DYNA, año 70. (138): 13-26.
Chu W. 2003. Remediation of Contaminated Soils by Surfactant-Aided Soil Washing. Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management, ASCE, (7) 1: 19-24.
Fontúrbel F. 2004. Uso de algunos parámetros indicadores microbiológicos y bioquímicos para la evaluación de la contaminación por hidrocarburos y la biodegradación de los mismos, en la zona del Lago Titikaka. Ecología aplicada 3(1,2):172-179.
Gaceta oficial. 1998. Normas para el Control de la Recuperación de Materiales Peligrosos y el Manejo de los Desechos Peligrosos. Decreto 2635. Gaceta Oficial Extraordinaria nº 5245 de la República de Venezuela.
Helmy Q., Kardena, E. y Wisjnuprapto. 2009. Performance of Petrophilic Consortia and Effect Of Surfactant Tween 80 Addition In The Oil Sludge Removal Process. Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation, (1): 235-246.
IPCS. 1994. Fichas de seguridad química. Contexto de Cooperación entre el IPCS y la Comisión de las Comunidades Europeas © CCE. Actualizado a la vigésima adaptación de la Directiva 67/548/CEE traspuesta a la legislación española por el Real Decreto 363/95 (BOE 5.6.95).
Iturbe R., López, J. y Torres, L.G. 2008. Microbiological and physicochemical changes occurring in a contaminated soil after surfactant-enhanced soil washing. Environmental Geosciences, 15(4): 1–9
Jackson J. 1994. Using microbial kinetics in the bioremediation of contaminated soils. Remediation of hazardous waste contaminated soils. Edited by: Donald L. Wise and Bebra J. Trantolo. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. 681-989.
Johnsena A., Wick, L. y Harmsb, H. 2005. Principles of microbial PAH-degradation in soil. Environmental Pollution. (133): 71-84
Kang S.-W., Kim, Y.-B., Shin, J.-D. y Kim, E.-K. 2010. Enhanced Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons in Soil by Microbial Biosurfactant, Sophorolipid. Applied Biochemistry Biotechnology. (160):780–790
Lee D.-H., Kim, E.-S., Chang, H.-W. 2005. Effect of Tween surfactant components for remediation of toluene-contaminated groundwater. Geosciences Journal, 9(3): 261 – 267.
Lif A. y Holmberg, K. 2006. Water-in-diesel emulsions and related systems. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science (123–126):231–239.
Lobo C.B. 2002. Descontaminacion de suelos. Instituto Madrileño de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria. IMIA. N-II 28800 Madrid.
López J., Iturbe, R., y Torres, L.G. 2004. Washing of soil contaminated with PAHs and heavy petroleum fractions using two nonionic and one ionic surfactant: Effect of salt addition: Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A— Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering. A39 (9) 2293– 2306.
Márquez-Rocha F. 2001. Biodegradation of diesel oil in soil by a microbial consortium. Water, Air and soil Pollution, (128): 313-320.
Martínez V.E., y López, F. 2001. Efecto de hidrocarburos en las propiedades físicas y químicas de suelo arcilloso. Terra, 19(1): 9-17
Matta B. 1985. D-Limonene based aqueous cleaning compositions United States Patent 4511488.
Nguyen T.T. y Sabatini, D.A. 2009. Formulating Alcohol-Free Microemulsions Using Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant and Rhamnolipid Mixtures. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 12:109–115.
Raiger-Iustman L.J. y López, N.I. 2009. Los biosurfactantes y la industria petrolera. QuímicaViva, año 8, (3): 146-161
Raimbault M. y Alazard, D. 1980. Culture Method to Study Fungal Growth in Soil Fermentation. European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 9. 199-209
Riley P. 2000. Methods for extinguishing petroleum-based fires, suppressing petroleum-released vapors and cleaning petroleum-contaminated surfaces. French Patent 6511431
Rivas H. y Gutiérrez, X., 1999. Los surfactantes: comportamiento y algunas de sus aplicaciones en la industria petrolera. Acta Científica Venezolana, Vol. 50, Suplemento (1): 54-65.
Singh A. Van Hamme J.D. y Ward, O. 2007. Surfactants in microbiology and biotechnology: Part 2. Application aspects. Biotechnology Advances (25): 99–121.
Sun S., Inskeep, W.P., Boyd, S.A. 1995. Sorption of nonionic organic compounds in soil water systems containing a micelleforming surfactant. Environmental Science and Technology. (29): 903−913.
Tat M.E., Gerpen y J.H.V. 2000. The specific gravity of biodiesel and its blends with diesel fuel. Journal of American Oil Chemical Society 77(2):115–119
Torres L.G. y Zamora, E.R. 2002. Preparation and power consumption of surfactant–fuel oil–water emulsions using axial, radial, and mixed flow impellers. Fuel (81): 2289–2302
Torres L.G., Orantes, J.L., Iturbe, R. 2003. Critical micellar concentrations for three surfactants and their diesel-removal efficiencies in petroleum-contaminated soils. Environmental Geosciences. 10 (1): 28–36
Torres, L.G., Rojas, N. y Iturbe, R., 2004. Use of two-surfactants mixtures to attain specific HLB values for assisted TPH-diesel biodegradation: Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 16 (6): 950–956.
Tsai T. T., Kao, C.M., Yeh, T.Y., Liang, S.H. y Chien, H.Y. 2009. Remediation of Fuel Oil-Contaminated Soils by a Three-Stage Treatment System. Environmental Engineering Science, 26(3): 651-659.
Urum K., Pekdemir, T., Copur, M. 2004. Surfactant Treatment of Crude Oil Contaminated Soils. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (276): 456-464.
Yang L. 2000. Biodegradation of dispersed diesel fuel under high salinity conditions. Water Research, 13 (34): 3303-3314.
Youssef N.H., Nguyen, T., Sabatini, D.A., McInerney, M.J. 2007. Basis for formulating biosurfactant mixtures to achieve ultra low interfacial tension values against hydrocarbons. Journal of Industrial Microbiology Biotechnology. (34): 497–507.