Brackish water desalination by Reversible Electrodialysis: Viability to rescue abandoned wells in Sonora Mexico
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Abstract
Currently, a large part of the wells for agricultural use located in the state of Sonora are overexploited, which generates a high degree of saline intrusion and abandonment by nearby communities. The following article proposes electrodialysis and reverse electrodialysis as an alternative to conserve these wells and counteract water scarcity. To carry out the study, an electrodialysis equipment composed of 20 cationic membranes and 20 anionic membranes was operated, using saline solutions at different concentrations and applying voltages of 10V and 20V, depending on whether the experiment was electrodialysis (ED) or reverse electrodialysis (RED). The ED test was performed with a 2,300 and 4,300 ppm solution at 10 and 20V, respectively, and it was reported that the higher the applied voltage, the shorter the desalination time and the greater the removal efficiency. Equations were also obtained to predict the behavior of the tests at later times. In the RED test, a saline solution of 3,000 and 5,000 ppm was used at 20V, in which it was observed that the efficiency of the RED was higher compared to the ED and the concentration factor turned out to be higher for the solution with greater concentration. It can be concluded that desalination is a real and viable alternative to combat water scarcity and the recovery of abandoned wells.
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