Circadian Rhythm of digestive enzymes and feeding schedules of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
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Abstract
Two experiments were carried out to determine the circadian changes of the digestive enzymatic activity (proteases), in different sizes of shrimp culture Litopenaeus vannamei (5, 10, 25 and 30 g), and evaluate the effect of feeding frequencies between: (a) to feed the shrimp two prior hours to the peak of activity enzymatic and (b) to feed during the peak of activity enzymatic. Growth, survival, food conversion rate and ingestión food rate were also evaluated. The experiment was designed and conducted in floating cages. The results shown that the four sizes of shrimp analyzed presented a biphasic circadian rhythm of the protease activity studied, with a period of 12 hours approximately. The first peak of enzyme activity in all sizes appeared at 10:00 hours approximately (diurnal peak) and second to the 20:00 hours (nocturnal peak). The lowest levels of activity enzymatic were present to the 00:00 hours in all sizes studied. The shrimp fed two hours before the enzymatic peak (08:00, 18:00 and 00:00 h), had significantly a greater growth rate, final size, survival and biomass, with regard to shrimps fed during the peaks of enzymatic activity. These results confirm the existence of a synchrony among the feeding activity, the enzymatic variation and the food use. To know the schedules of feeding prior to the peak of enzymatic activity have a prominent application for the semiintensive culture of this specie.
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Casillas-Hernández, R. (1). Circadian Rhythm of digestive enzymes and feeding schedules of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Revista Latinoamericana De Recursos Naturales, 2(2), 55-64. Retrieved from https://revista.itson.edu.mx/index.php/rlrn/article/view/80
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References
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Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analyt. Biochem., 72: 248- 254.
Casillas-Hernández, R., F. Magallón-Barajas., G. Portillo Clark., y F. Páez-Osuna. 2006. Nutrient mass balances in semiintensive shrimp ponds from Sonora, México using two feeding strategies: Trays and mechanical dispersal. Aquaculture, 258: 289-298.
Casillas-Hernández, R., H. Nolasco-Soria., T. García-Galano., O. Carrillo-Farnes. y F. Páez-Osuna. 2006a. Water quality, chemical fluxes and production in semi-intensive Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture ponds utilizing two different feeding strategies. Aquacultural Engineering (en prensa).
Chamberlain, G.W. 1988. Rethinking shrimp pond management. Coastal Aquaculture, Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Sea Grant College Program, 5: 1-19.
Cruz, P.S. 1991. Shrimp feeding management: Principles and practices, Inc. 440-442 R. Magsaysay Avenue Davao City, Philippines. p. 1-57.
Cuzon, G. M. Hew; D. Cognie y P. Solectchnik. 1982. Time lag effect of feeding on growth of juvenile shrimp P. japonicus Bate. Aquaculture, 29: 33 44.
Díaz-Granda, A.E., 1997. Horarios de alimentación del camarón Penaeus schmitti en condiciones de cultivo semi-intensivo. Tesis de Maestría, Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de la Habana, Cuba.
Fanjul-Moles, M.L., M. Miranda-Anaya y B. Fuentes-Pardo. 1992. Effect of monochromatic light upon the ERG circadian rythm during onthogeny in crayfish Procamabarus clarkii. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 102A: 99-106.
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Gibson, R. y P.L. Barker. 1979. The decapod hepatopancreas. Oceanog. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 17: 285-346.
González, R.V., A. Suárez y O. Carrillo. 1997. Ritmo circadiano de las proteasas generales en adultos de Penaeus schmitti. I. Efecto del horario de alimentación. Revista de Investigaciones Marinas, 18: 162-168.
González, R.V., M. Gómez, y O. Carrillo. 1995. Variaciones cronobiológicas en la actividad de las principales enzimas proteolíticas de Penaeus schmitti y P. notialis. Revista de Investigaciones Marinas, 16: 177-183.
Hernández, C..M. P. 1993. Crustacean protease characterization biochemical and molecular consideration. Comprehensive summary Ph D thesis. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, la Paz, B.C.S. México, p. 26.
Hernández, C.M.P., W. Cuadros-Seiffert., M.A. Navarrete Del Toro., G. Portillo., G. Colado y F.L. García-Carreño. 1999. Rate of ingestion and proteolytic activity in digestive system of juvenile white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, during continual feeding. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 9: 35-45.
Hirsch, G.C. y W. Jacob. 1929. Der arebeitorrhytmus der mitteldarmdruse von Astacus leptodactylus. Zetisch. F. Vergl. Physiol., 8: 102-144.
Lee, P.G., y A.L. Lawrence., 1997. Effects of diet and size on growth, feed digestibility and digestive enzyme activities of the marine shrimp, Penaeus setiferus Linnaeus. Journal World Aquaculture Society, 16: 275-287.
Molina, P.C., E. Cadena y F. Orellana. 2000. Alimentación de camarones en relación a la actividad enzimática como una respuesta natural al ritmo circadiano y ciclo de muda. In:Cruz-Suárez, L.E., Ricque-Marie, D., Tapia-Salazar, M., Olvera-Novoa, M.A., y Civera-Cerecedo. R. (Eds). V Simposium Internacional de Nutrición Acuícola. 19-22 nov. De 2000. Mérida Yuc. México.
Moureau C.E., C.G. Boucard. y H.J. Ceccaldi. 1984. Variations circadiennes des activites esterases de I´hemolymphe de Penaeus japonicus. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 12: 103-107 p.
Nolasco, H., Tovar-Ramírez, D., Flores-Bravo, M.A., García-Aboites, C., Vega-Villasante, F., Oliva, M. y I. Fernández. 1997. Digestive enzymatic activity of shrimp and relation with the cyrcadian rhythm and bacterial flora. La Bioquímica en la Biotecnología Marina, Universidad de La Habana. (ED). pp 44.
Nolasco-Soria,. H. y F. Vega-Villasante. 2000. Actividad enzimá-tica digestiva, ritmos circadianos y su relación con la alimentación del camarón. pp 149-165 En: Civera- Cerecedo, R., Pérez-Estrada, C.J., Ricque-Marie, D. y Cruz-Suárez, L.E. (Eds.) Avances en Nutrición Acuícola IV. Memorias del IV Simposium Internacional de Nutrición Acuícola. Noviembre 15-18, 1998. La Paz, B.C.S., México.
Nunes, A.J.P. y G.J. Parsons. 1999. Feeding levels of the Southern brown shrimp Penaeus subtilis in response to food dispersal. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 30:331-348.
Oliva, M., I. Fernández y L. Ramos. 1989. Descripción de los estadios y sub-estadios del ciclo de muda en el camarón rosado Penaeus notialis, Pérez Farfante, 1967. Rev. Invest. Mar., 9: 91-101.
Páez-Osuna, F., García, A., Flores-Verdugo, F., Lyle-Fritch, L.P., Alonso-Rodríguez, R., Roque, A., y Ruíz-Fernández A.C. 2003. Shrimp aquaculture development and the environment in the Gula of California ecoregion. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 46: 806-815.
Reyes, P.C. 1985. Diseño de experimentos aplicados; agronomía, biología, química, industrias, ciencias sociales, ciencias de la salud. México. Editorial Trillas. 348 pp.
Rosas, C., G. Cuzon., G. Gaxiola., Y. Le Priol., C. Pascual., J. Rossignyol., F. Contreras., A. Sánchez., y A. Van Wormhoudt. 2001. Metabolism and growth of juveniles of Litopenaeus vannamei: effect of salinity and dietary carbohydrate levels. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 259: 1-22.
SAGARPA-CONAPESCA (2002) www.sagarpa.gob.mx/pesca/anuario2002.
Sainz, J.C., F. García-Carreño., A. Sierra-Beltrán., y P. Hernández-Cortes. 2004. Trypsin synthesis and storage as zymogen in the midgut gland of the shrimp Litopenaeus vanamei. Journal of Crustacean biology, 24: 266-273.
Seiffert, Q.W. 1997. Efeito do horario de distribuicao de alimento sobre o consumo de matria seca no cultivo do camarao “rosa” Penaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante, 1967). Tesis Mestre. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. Brasil. 85 pp.
Seiffert, Q.W. y G.K. Foes. 2002. Manejo alimentar a través de bandejas de alimentacao. Programa Estadual de Cultivo de Camarao marinho. EPAGRI-UFSC. 4 pp.
Sick, L. V., D. White y G.T. Baptist. 1973. The effect of duration of feeding amount of food, light intensity, and animal size on rate of ingestion of pelleted food by juvenile penaeid shrimp. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, v.1 n. 35. P 22-25.
Sokoal, R.R. y F.J. Rohlf. 1984. Biometry. Freeman Co. (Eds). San Francisco Cal. USA. 776 pp.
STATGRAPHICS. 1999. Statigraphics-Statical Graphics System. Statical Graphics System. Statical Graphics Corporation. MD, USA.
Van-Wormhoudt, A. 1977. Activités, enzimatiques digestives chez Palemon serratus variations annuelles de I’acrophase des rythmes circadiens. Biochem. System. Ecol., 5: 301-307.
Vázquez-Boucard C., R. Galois y H.J. Ceccaldi. 1989. Variations circadiennes des lipides et lipoprotéines de I´hemolymphe, et des lipides de I´hépatopancréas, ches la crevette Penaeus japonicus. Archives Internatioinales de Physiologie et de Biochimie, 97: 87-93.
Vega-Villasante, F., Fernández, I., Oliva, M., Preciado, M. y H. Nolasco. 1999. The activity of digestive enzymes during the molting stages of the arched swimming Callinectes arcuatus Ordway, 1863 Bulletin of Marine Science, 65: 1-9.
Barker, P.L. y R. Gibson. 1977. Observation on the feeding mechanism, structure of the gut and digestive physiology of the European lobster Homarus gammarus L. (Decapoda:Nephropidae). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.., 26: 297-324.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analyt. Biochem., 72: 248- 254.
Casillas-Hernández, R., F. Magallón-Barajas., G. Portillo Clark., y F. Páez-Osuna. 2006. Nutrient mass balances in semiintensive shrimp ponds from Sonora, México using two feeding strategies: Trays and mechanical dispersal. Aquaculture, 258: 289-298.
Casillas-Hernández, R., H. Nolasco-Soria., T. García-Galano., O. Carrillo-Farnes. y F. Páez-Osuna. 2006a. Water quality, chemical fluxes and production in semi-intensive Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture ponds utilizing two different feeding strategies. Aquacultural Engineering (en prensa).
Chamberlain, G.W. 1988. Rethinking shrimp pond management. Coastal Aquaculture, Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Sea Grant College Program, 5: 1-19.
Cruz, P.S. 1991. Shrimp feeding management: Principles and practices, Inc. 440-442 R. Magsaysay Avenue Davao City, Philippines. p. 1-57.
Cuzon, G. M. Hew; D. Cognie y P. Solectchnik. 1982. Time lag effect of feeding on growth of juvenile shrimp P. japonicus Bate. Aquaculture, 29: 33 44.
Díaz-Granda, A.E., 1997. Horarios de alimentación del camarón Penaeus schmitti en condiciones de cultivo semi-intensivo. Tesis de Maestría, Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de la Habana, Cuba.
Fanjul-Moles, M.L., M. Miranda-Anaya y B. Fuentes-Pardo. 1992. Effect of monochromatic light upon the ERG circadian rythm during onthogeny in crayfish Procamabarus clarkii. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 102A: 99-106.
Gibson, R., 1981. Feeding and digestion in decapod crustaceans. En Garry D. Pruder, Christopher J. Langdon y Douglas E. Conklin (Eds), Proceedings of the second international conference on aquaculture nutrition: biochemical and physiological approaches to shellfish nutrition, Baton Rouge Louisiana, 1982. pp 59-70.
Gibson, R. y P.L. Barker. 1979. The decapod hepatopancreas. Oceanog. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 17: 285-346.
González, R.V., A. Suárez y O. Carrillo. 1997. Ritmo circadiano de las proteasas generales en adultos de Penaeus schmitti. I. Efecto del horario de alimentación. Revista de Investigaciones Marinas, 18: 162-168.
González, R.V., M. Gómez, y O. Carrillo. 1995. Variaciones cronobiológicas en la actividad de las principales enzimas proteolíticas de Penaeus schmitti y P. notialis. Revista de Investigaciones Marinas, 16: 177-183.
Hernández, C..M. P. 1993. Crustacean protease characterization biochemical and molecular consideration. Comprehensive summary Ph D thesis. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, la Paz, B.C.S. México, p. 26.
Hernández, C.M.P., W. Cuadros-Seiffert., M.A. Navarrete Del Toro., G. Portillo., G. Colado y F.L. García-Carreño. 1999. Rate of ingestion and proteolytic activity in digestive system of juvenile white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, during continual feeding. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 9: 35-45.
Hirsch, G.C. y W. Jacob. 1929. Der arebeitorrhytmus der mitteldarmdruse von Astacus leptodactylus. Zetisch. F. Vergl. Physiol., 8: 102-144.
Lee, P.G., y A.L. Lawrence., 1997. Effects of diet and size on growth, feed digestibility and digestive enzyme activities of the marine shrimp, Penaeus setiferus Linnaeus. Journal World Aquaculture Society, 16: 275-287.
Molina, P.C., E. Cadena y F. Orellana. 2000. Alimentación de camarones en relación a la actividad enzimática como una respuesta natural al ritmo circadiano y ciclo de muda. In:Cruz-Suárez, L.E., Ricque-Marie, D., Tapia-Salazar, M., Olvera-Novoa, M.A., y Civera-Cerecedo. R. (Eds). V Simposium Internacional de Nutrición Acuícola. 19-22 nov. De 2000. Mérida Yuc. México.
Moureau C.E., C.G. Boucard. y H.J. Ceccaldi. 1984. Variations circadiennes des activites esterases de I´hemolymphe de Penaeus japonicus. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 12: 103-107 p.
Nolasco, H., Tovar-Ramírez, D., Flores-Bravo, M.A., García-Aboites, C., Vega-Villasante, F., Oliva, M. y I. Fernández. 1997. Digestive enzymatic activity of shrimp and relation with the cyrcadian rhythm and bacterial flora. La Bioquímica en la Biotecnología Marina, Universidad de La Habana. (ED). pp 44.
Nolasco-Soria,. H. y F. Vega-Villasante. 2000. Actividad enzimá-tica digestiva, ritmos circadianos y su relación con la alimentación del camarón. pp 149-165 En: Civera- Cerecedo, R., Pérez-Estrada, C.J., Ricque-Marie, D. y Cruz-Suárez, L.E. (Eds.) Avances en Nutrición Acuícola IV. Memorias del IV Simposium Internacional de Nutrición Acuícola. Noviembre 15-18, 1998. La Paz, B.C.S., México.
Nunes, A.J.P. y G.J. Parsons. 1999. Feeding levels of the Southern brown shrimp Penaeus subtilis in response to food dispersal. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 30:331-348.
Oliva, M., I. Fernández y L. Ramos. 1989. Descripción de los estadios y sub-estadios del ciclo de muda en el camarón rosado Penaeus notialis, Pérez Farfante, 1967. Rev. Invest. Mar., 9: 91-101.
Páez-Osuna, F., García, A., Flores-Verdugo, F., Lyle-Fritch, L.P., Alonso-Rodríguez, R., Roque, A., y Ruíz-Fernández A.C. 2003. Shrimp aquaculture development and the environment in the Gula of California ecoregion. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 46: 806-815.
Reyes, P.C. 1985. Diseño de experimentos aplicados; agronomía, biología, química, industrias, ciencias sociales, ciencias de la salud. México. Editorial Trillas. 348 pp.
Rosas, C., G. Cuzon., G. Gaxiola., Y. Le Priol., C. Pascual., J. Rossignyol., F. Contreras., A. Sánchez., y A. Van Wormhoudt. 2001. Metabolism and growth of juveniles of Litopenaeus vannamei: effect of salinity and dietary carbohydrate levels. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 259: 1-22.
SAGARPA-CONAPESCA (2002) www.sagarpa.gob.mx/pesca/anuario2002.
Sainz, J.C., F. García-Carreño., A. Sierra-Beltrán., y P. Hernández-Cortes. 2004. Trypsin synthesis and storage as zymogen in the midgut gland of the shrimp Litopenaeus vanamei. Journal of Crustacean biology, 24: 266-273.
Seiffert, Q.W. 1997. Efeito do horario de distribuicao de alimento sobre o consumo de matria seca no cultivo do camarao “rosa” Penaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante, 1967). Tesis Mestre. Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. Brasil. 85 pp.
Seiffert, Q.W. y G.K. Foes. 2002. Manejo alimentar a través de bandejas de alimentacao. Programa Estadual de Cultivo de Camarao marinho. EPAGRI-UFSC. 4 pp.
Sick, L. V., D. White y G.T. Baptist. 1973. The effect of duration of feeding amount of food, light intensity, and animal size on rate of ingestion of pelleted food by juvenile penaeid shrimp. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, v.1 n. 35. P 22-25.
Sokoal, R.R. y F.J. Rohlf. 1984. Biometry. Freeman Co. (Eds). San Francisco Cal. USA. 776 pp.
STATGRAPHICS. 1999. Statigraphics-Statical Graphics System. Statical Graphics System. Statical Graphics Corporation. MD, USA.
Van-Wormhoudt, A. 1977. Activités, enzimatiques digestives chez Palemon serratus variations annuelles de I’acrophase des rythmes circadiens. Biochem. System. Ecol., 5: 301-307.
Vázquez-Boucard C., R. Galois y H.J. Ceccaldi. 1989. Variations circadiennes des lipides et lipoprotéines de I´hemolymphe, et des lipides de I´hépatopancréas, ches la crevette Penaeus japonicus. Archives Internatioinales de Physiologie et de Biochimie, 97: 87-93.
Vega-Villasante, F., Fernández, I., Oliva, M., Preciado, M. y H. Nolasco. 1999. The activity of digestive enzymes during the molting stages of the arched swimming Callinectes arcuatus Ordway, 1863 Bulletin of Marine Science, 65: 1-9.