Potencial uso agro-biotecnológico de cepas del género Burkholderia aisladas de huertas de mango (Mangifera indica L.) v. Ataulfo en México
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Huertas de mango v. Ataulfo fueron seleccionadas para este estudio, localizadas en las principales entidades federativas productoras de este fruto en México: Chahuites (Oaxaca), Tapachula (Chiapas), y Apatzingán (Michoacán). La caracterización molecular -a través del análisis del gen 16S RNAr- de los aislados obtenidos del suelo colectado en dichos sitios indicó la existencia de Burkholderia caribensis XV (Chahuites), B. caribensis XVI (Apatzingán) y B. cepacia XXVI (Apatzingán). La caracterización metabólica de estos aislados mostró su gran potencial agro-biotecnológico, principalmente B. caribensis XV como cepa promisoria para la promoción de crecimiento vegetal, debido su actividad de reducción de acetileno (60.3 ± 0.2 nmoles de etileno producidos ml-1 medio h-1), actividad ACC desaminasa (538.4 ± 9.0 nmoles de α cetobutirato mg-1 proteína h-1), y producción de sideróforo de tipo carboxilato. De manera similar, B. cepacia XXVI mostró gran potencial como agente de control biológico debido a la producción de sideróforo de tipo hidroxamato, inhibiendo el crecimiento de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ATCC MYA 456 (agente causal de la antracnosis), en un 97 ± 3%. Además, las tres cepas mostraron potencial para ser utilizadas como agentes remediadores debido a su tolerancia al plomo, hasta 100 μg ml-1 (concentración mínima inhibitoria) y fenantreno 500 μg ml-1 (concentración máxima evaluada). Así, las cepas de Burkholderia obtenidas constituyen una promisoria alternativa agro-biotecnológica para potenciar el crecimiento vegetal, disminuir las pérdidas agrícolas causadas por enfermedades, y remediar sitios contaminados de manera sostenible.
Detalles del artículo
Cómo citar
de los Santos-Villalobos, S. (2015). Potencial uso agro-biotecnológico de cepas del género Burkholderia aisladas de huertas de mango (Mangifera indica L.) v. Ataulfo en México. Revista Latinoamericana De Recursos Naturales, 11(2), 78-86. Recuperado a partir de https://revista.itson.edu.mx/index.php/rlrn/article/view/241
Sección
Artículos Originales
Citas
Akar, T., Tunali, S., y Kiran, I., 2005. Botrytis cinerea as a new fungal biosorbent for removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 25:227–235.
Alexander, B. y Zuberer, D.A., 1991. Use of chrome azurol S reagents to evaluate siderophore production by rhizosphere bacteria. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 12: 39-45.
Avilán, L. y Rengifo, C., 1992. El cultivo del manguero en Venezuela III Fertilización. FONAIAP Divulga, 40: 1-5.
Ayala-Garay, A.V., Almaguer-Vargas, G., de la Trinidad-Pérez, N.K., Caamal-Cauich, I. y Rendón, R., 2009. Competitividad de la producción de mango (Mangifera indica L.) en Michoacán. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 15: 133-140.
Baakza, A., Vala, A.K. Dave, B.P. y Dube, H.C., 2003. A Comparative study of siderophore production by fungy from marine and terrestrial habitats. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 311: 1-9.
Bradford, M., 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
Cavalcante, V.A. y Dobereiner, J., 1988. A new acid-tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacterium associated with sugarcane. Plant and Soil, 108: 23-31.
Compant S., Duffy, B., Nowak, J., Clément, C. y Barka, E.A., 2005. Use of plant growth-promoting bacteria for biocontrol of plant diseases: Principles, mechanisms of action, and future prospects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71: 4951-4959.
de Jager, E.S., Wehner, F.C., y Korsten, L., 2001. Microbial ecology of the mango phylloplane. Microbial Ecology, 42: 210-207.
de los Santos-Villalobos, S., de-Folter, S., Délano-Frier, J.P., Gómez-Lim, M.A., Guzmán-Ortiz, D. A., y Peña-Cabriales, J.J., 2013. Growth promotion and flowering induction in mango by Burkholderia and Rhizobium inoculation: morphometric, biochemical and molecular events. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 32: 615-627.
Emmert, E.A.B. y Handelsman, J., 1999. Biocontrol of plant disease: a (Gram-) positive perspective. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 171: 1-9.
Estrada-de los Santos, P., Bustillos-Cristales, R. y Caballero-Mellado, J., 2001. Burkholderia, a genus rich in plant-associated nitrogen fixers with wide environmental and geographic distribution. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67: 2790-2798.
FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014.
Garbeva, P., van Veen, J.A., y van Elsas, J.D., 2008. Rhizosphere microbial community and its response to plant species and soil history. Plant and Soil, 302:19–32.
Glick B.R., Penrose, D.M., y Li, J., 1998. A model for the lowering of plant ethylene concentrations by plant growth-promoting bacteria. Journal Theorical Biology, 190:63-68.
Glickmann, E. y Dessaux, Y., 1995. A critical examination of the specificity of the Salkowski reagent for indolic compounds produced by phytopathogenic bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 61: 793–796.
Gravel, V., Antoun, H., y Tweddell, R.J., 2007. Growth stimulation and fruit yield improvement of greenhouse tomato plants by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida or Trichoderma atroviride: possible role of indole acetic acid (IAA). Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39:1968–1977.
Hernández, A., River, N., Caballero, A., Hernández A.N. y Heydrich M., 2004. Caracterización de rizobacterias asociadas al cultivo de maíz en la producción de matabolitos del tipo AIA, sideróforos y ácido salicílico. Revista Colobiana de Biotecnología, 1: 6-13.
Hontzeas, N., Hontzeas, C.E. y Glick. B.R., 2006. Reaction mechanisms of the bacterial enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. Biotechnology Advances, 24: 420–426.
Jain, S.M. y Priyadarshan, P.M., 2009. Breeding plantation tree crops: tropical species. Springer Science Business Media, LLC. New York, EUA.
Jing, Y., He, Z., y Yang, X., 2007. Role of soil rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 8:192–207.
Kennedy, I.R., Choudhury, A.T.M.A., y Kecskés, M.L., 2004. Non-symbiotic bacterial diazotrophs in crop-farming systems can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36: 1229-1244.
Khan, A.G., 2005. Role of soil microbes in the rhizospheres of plants growing on trace metal contaminated soils in phytoremediation. Jornal of Trace Elements in Medicine Biology, 18:355-364.
Kim, T.J., Lee, E.Y., Kim, Y.J., Cho, K.S. y Ryu, H.W., 2003. Degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by Burkholderia cepacia 2A-12. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 19: 411–417
Kuo, K.C., 2001. Sensitivity of mango anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, to the fungicide prochloraz in Taiwan. Proceedings of the National Science Council, Republic of China. Part B, 25: 174-179.
Lasat, H.A., 2002. Phytoextraction of toxic metals: a review of biological mechanisms. Journal of Environmental Quality, 31(1):109–120.
Liu, J., Liu, S., Sun, K., Sheng, Y., Gu, Y., y Gao, Y. 2014. Colonization on Root Surface by a Phenanthrene-Degrading Endophytic Bacterium and Its Application for Reducing Plant Phenanthrene Contamination. PLoS ONE, 9(9): e108249.
Loredo-Osti, C., López-Reyes, L., y Espinosa-Victoria, D., 2004. Plant growth-promoting bacteria in association with graminaceous species: A review. Terra Latinoamericana, 22: 225-239.
Mahenthiralingam, E., Baldwin, A. y Dowson, C.G., 2008. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: opportunistic pathogens with important natural biology. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 104: 1539-1551.
Massadeh, A.M., Al-Momani, F.A. y Haddad, H.I., 2005. Removal of lead and cadmium by halophilic bacteria isolated from the dead sea shore, Jordan. Biological Trace Element Research, 108: 259-269.
McGrath, S.P., Zhao, F.J., Lombi, E., 2001. Plant and rhizosphere processes involved in phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soils. Plant Soil, 232: 207–214.
Naik, M.M., y Dubey, S.K., 2011. Lead-enhanced siderophore production and alteration in cell morphology in a Pb-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 4EA. Current Microbiology, 1: 1-6.
Onofre-Lemus, J., Hernández-Lucas, I., Girard, L., y Caballero-Mellado, J., 2009. ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate) Deaminase activity, a widespread trait in Burkholderia species, and its growth-promoting effect on tomato plants. American Society for Microbiology, 75: 6581–6590.
Penrose, D.M. y Glick, B.R., 2003. Methods for isolating and characterizing ACC deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Physiologia Plantarum, 118: 10–15.
Ploetz, R.C. y Prakas, O., 1997. Foliar, floral and soil-borne diseases. En: R.E. Litz (eds). The mango: Botany, production and uses. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 281-325.
Prieto, M.J., Covarrubias, A.E., Cadena, A.R., Figueroa, V. J. y Munro, O.D., 2005. Paquete tecnológico para el cultivo de Mango en el estado de Colima. Gobierno del Estado de Colima.
Rajkumar, M., Ae, N., Prasad, M.N.V. y Freitas, H., 2010. Potential of siderophore-producing bacteria for improving heavy metal phytoextraction. Trends in Biotechnology, 28(3):142-149.
Rondón, O., Sanabría de Albarracín, N. y Rondón A., 2006. Respuesta in vitro a la acción de fungicidas para el control de antracnosis, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz, en frutos de mango. Agronomía Tropical, 56: 219-235.
Rosconi, F., Souza, E.M., Pedrosa, F.O., Platero, R.A., González, C., González, M., Batista, S., Gill, P.R. y Fabiano, E.R., 2006. Iron depletion affects nitrogenase activity and expression of nifH and nifA genes in Herbaspirillum seropedicae. FEMS Microbiology Letter, 258: 214–219.
SAGARPA, Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación., 2014.
Santoyo, G., Valencia-Cantero, E., Orozco-Mosqueda, M.C., Peña-Cabriales, J.J., y Farías-Rodríguez, R., 2010. Papel de los sideróforos en la actividad antagónica de pseudomonas fluorescens zum80 hacia hongos fitopatógenos. Terra Latinoamericana, 28:53-60.
Saravanakumar, D. y Samiyappan, R., 2007. ACC deaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens mediated saline resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogea) plants. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 102: 1283–1292.
Schmidt, S., Blom, J.F., Pernthaler, J., Berg, G., Baldwin, A., Mahenthiralingam, E. y Eberl L., 2009. Production of the antifungal compound pyrrolnitrin is quorum sensing-regulated in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Environmental Microbiology, 11: 1422–1437
Senen-Barcos, M., Peña-Cabriales, J.J., Alarcón, A. y Maldonado Vega, M., 2015. Enhanced Pb Absorption by Hordeum vulgare L. and Helianthus annuus L. Plants Inoculated with an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Consortium. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 17: 405–413.
Shaharoona, B., Bibi, R., Arshad, M., Ahmed, Z., y Hassan., Z.U., 2006. 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylate (acc)-deaminase rhizobacteria extenuates acc-induced classical triple response in etiolated pea seedlings. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38(5):1491-1499.
Shommu, N.S., Vogel, H.J., y Storey, D.G., 2015. Potential of metabolomics to reveal Burkholderia cepacia complex pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6:668.
SIAP, Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera., 2014.
SMN, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional., 2014.
Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. y Higgins, D.G., 1997. The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 25: 4876-4882.
Tsavkelova, E.A., Cherdyntseva, T.A. y Netrusov, A.I., 2005. Auxin production by bacteria associated with orchid roots. Microbiology, 74: 46–53.
Vessey, J.K., 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant and Soil, 255: 571-586.
Viterbo, A., Landau, U., Kim, S., Chernin, L. y Chet, I., 2010. Characterization of ACC deaminase from the biocontrol and plant growth-promoting agent Trichoderma asperellum T203. FEMS Microbiology Letter, 305(1):42-48.
Weisburg, W.G., Barns, S.M., Pelletier, D.A. y Lane, D.J., 1991. 16S Ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. American Society for Microbiology, 173: 697-703.
Wichard, T., Philippebellenger, J., Morel, F.M. y Kraepiel, A.L., 2009. Role of the siderophore azotobactin in the bacterial acquisition of nitrogenase metal cofactors. Enviromental Science Techonology, 43: 7218–7224.
Wu, C.H., Bernard, S.M., Andersen, G.L. y Chen, W., 2009. Developing microbe-plant interactions for applications in plant-growth promotion and disease control, production of useful compounds, remediation and carbon sequestration. Microbial biotechnology, 2: 428-440
Xie, G.H., Cai, M.Y., Tao, G.C. y Steinberg, Y., 2003. Cultivable heterotrophic N2-fixing bacterial diversity in rice fields in the Yangtze River Plain. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 37: 29-38.
Yedidia, I., Benhamou, N. y Chet, I., 1999. Induction of defense responses in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) by the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 65: 1061–1070.
Alexander, B. y Zuberer, D.A., 1991. Use of chrome azurol S reagents to evaluate siderophore production by rhizosphere bacteria. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 12: 39-45.
Avilán, L. y Rengifo, C., 1992. El cultivo del manguero en Venezuela III Fertilización. FONAIAP Divulga, 40: 1-5.
Ayala-Garay, A.V., Almaguer-Vargas, G., de la Trinidad-Pérez, N.K., Caamal-Cauich, I. y Rendón, R., 2009. Competitividad de la producción de mango (Mangifera indica L.) en Michoacán. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 15: 133-140.
Baakza, A., Vala, A.K. Dave, B.P. y Dube, H.C., 2003. A Comparative study of siderophore production by fungy from marine and terrestrial habitats. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 311: 1-9.
Bradford, M., 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
Cavalcante, V.A. y Dobereiner, J., 1988. A new acid-tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacterium associated with sugarcane. Plant and Soil, 108: 23-31.
Compant S., Duffy, B., Nowak, J., Clément, C. y Barka, E.A., 2005. Use of plant growth-promoting bacteria for biocontrol of plant diseases: Principles, mechanisms of action, and future prospects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71: 4951-4959.
de Jager, E.S., Wehner, F.C., y Korsten, L., 2001. Microbial ecology of the mango phylloplane. Microbial Ecology, 42: 210-207.
de los Santos-Villalobos, S., de-Folter, S., Délano-Frier, J.P., Gómez-Lim, M.A., Guzmán-Ortiz, D. A., y Peña-Cabriales, J.J., 2013. Growth promotion and flowering induction in mango by Burkholderia and Rhizobium inoculation: morphometric, biochemical and molecular events. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 32: 615-627.
Emmert, E.A.B. y Handelsman, J., 1999. Biocontrol of plant disease: a (Gram-) positive perspective. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 171: 1-9.
Estrada-de los Santos, P., Bustillos-Cristales, R. y Caballero-Mellado, J., 2001. Burkholderia, a genus rich in plant-associated nitrogen fixers with wide environmental and geographic distribution. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67: 2790-2798.
FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014.
Garbeva, P., van Veen, J.A., y van Elsas, J.D., 2008. Rhizosphere microbial community and its response to plant species and soil history. Plant and Soil, 302:19–32.
Glick B.R., Penrose, D.M., y Li, J., 1998. A model for the lowering of plant ethylene concentrations by plant growth-promoting bacteria. Journal Theorical Biology, 190:63-68.
Glickmann, E. y Dessaux, Y., 1995. A critical examination of the specificity of the Salkowski reagent for indolic compounds produced by phytopathogenic bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 61: 793–796.
Gravel, V., Antoun, H., y Tweddell, R.J., 2007. Growth stimulation and fruit yield improvement of greenhouse tomato plants by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida or Trichoderma atroviride: possible role of indole acetic acid (IAA). Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39:1968–1977.
Hernández, A., River, N., Caballero, A., Hernández A.N. y Heydrich M., 2004. Caracterización de rizobacterias asociadas al cultivo de maíz en la producción de matabolitos del tipo AIA, sideróforos y ácido salicílico. Revista Colobiana de Biotecnología, 1: 6-13.
Hontzeas, N., Hontzeas, C.E. y Glick. B.R., 2006. Reaction mechanisms of the bacterial enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. Biotechnology Advances, 24: 420–426.
Jain, S.M. y Priyadarshan, P.M., 2009. Breeding plantation tree crops: tropical species. Springer Science Business Media, LLC. New York, EUA.
Jing, Y., He, Z., y Yang, X., 2007. Role of soil rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 8:192–207.
Kennedy, I.R., Choudhury, A.T.M.A., y Kecskés, M.L., 2004. Non-symbiotic bacterial diazotrophs in crop-farming systems can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36: 1229-1244.
Khan, A.G., 2005. Role of soil microbes in the rhizospheres of plants growing on trace metal contaminated soils in phytoremediation. Jornal of Trace Elements in Medicine Biology, 18:355-364.
Kim, T.J., Lee, E.Y., Kim, Y.J., Cho, K.S. y Ryu, H.W., 2003. Degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by Burkholderia cepacia 2A-12. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 19: 411–417
Kuo, K.C., 2001. Sensitivity of mango anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, to the fungicide prochloraz in Taiwan. Proceedings of the National Science Council, Republic of China. Part B, 25: 174-179.
Lasat, H.A., 2002. Phytoextraction of toxic metals: a review of biological mechanisms. Journal of Environmental Quality, 31(1):109–120.
Liu, J., Liu, S., Sun, K., Sheng, Y., Gu, Y., y Gao, Y. 2014. Colonization on Root Surface by a Phenanthrene-Degrading Endophytic Bacterium and Its Application for Reducing Plant Phenanthrene Contamination. PLoS ONE, 9(9): e108249.
Loredo-Osti, C., López-Reyes, L., y Espinosa-Victoria, D., 2004. Plant growth-promoting bacteria in association with graminaceous species: A review. Terra Latinoamericana, 22: 225-239.
Mahenthiralingam, E., Baldwin, A. y Dowson, C.G., 2008. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: opportunistic pathogens with important natural biology. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 104: 1539-1551.
Massadeh, A.M., Al-Momani, F.A. y Haddad, H.I., 2005. Removal of lead and cadmium by halophilic bacteria isolated from the dead sea shore, Jordan. Biological Trace Element Research, 108: 259-269.
McGrath, S.P., Zhao, F.J., Lombi, E., 2001. Plant and rhizosphere processes involved in phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soils. Plant Soil, 232: 207–214.
Naik, M.M., y Dubey, S.K., 2011. Lead-enhanced siderophore production and alteration in cell morphology in a Pb-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 4EA. Current Microbiology, 1: 1-6.
Onofre-Lemus, J., Hernández-Lucas, I., Girard, L., y Caballero-Mellado, J., 2009. ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate) Deaminase activity, a widespread trait in Burkholderia species, and its growth-promoting effect on tomato plants. American Society for Microbiology, 75: 6581–6590.
Penrose, D.M. y Glick, B.R., 2003. Methods for isolating and characterizing ACC deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Physiologia Plantarum, 118: 10–15.
Ploetz, R.C. y Prakas, O., 1997. Foliar, floral and soil-borne diseases. En: R.E. Litz (eds). The mango: Botany, production and uses. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 281-325.
Prieto, M.J., Covarrubias, A.E., Cadena, A.R., Figueroa, V. J. y Munro, O.D., 2005. Paquete tecnológico para el cultivo de Mango en el estado de Colima. Gobierno del Estado de Colima.
Rajkumar, M., Ae, N., Prasad, M.N.V. y Freitas, H., 2010. Potential of siderophore-producing bacteria for improving heavy metal phytoextraction. Trends in Biotechnology, 28(3):142-149.
Rondón, O., Sanabría de Albarracín, N. y Rondón A., 2006. Respuesta in vitro a la acción de fungicidas para el control de antracnosis, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz, en frutos de mango. Agronomía Tropical, 56: 219-235.
Rosconi, F., Souza, E.M., Pedrosa, F.O., Platero, R.A., González, C., González, M., Batista, S., Gill, P.R. y Fabiano, E.R., 2006. Iron depletion affects nitrogenase activity and expression of nifH and nifA genes in Herbaspirillum seropedicae. FEMS Microbiology Letter, 258: 214–219.
SAGARPA, Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación., 2014.
Santoyo, G., Valencia-Cantero, E., Orozco-Mosqueda, M.C., Peña-Cabriales, J.J., y Farías-Rodríguez, R., 2010. Papel de los sideróforos en la actividad antagónica de pseudomonas fluorescens zum80 hacia hongos fitopatógenos. Terra Latinoamericana, 28:53-60.
Saravanakumar, D. y Samiyappan, R., 2007. ACC deaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens mediated saline resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogea) plants. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 102: 1283–1292.
Schmidt, S., Blom, J.F., Pernthaler, J., Berg, G., Baldwin, A., Mahenthiralingam, E. y Eberl L., 2009. Production of the antifungal compound pyrrolnitrin is quorum sensing-regulated in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Environmental Microbiology, 11: 1422–1437
Senen-Barcos, M., Peña-Cabriales, J.J., Alarcón, A. y Maldonado Vega, M., 2015. Enhanced Pb Absorption by Hordeum vulgare L. and Helianthus annuus L. Plants Inoculated with an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Consortium. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 17: 405–413.
Shaharoona, B., Bibi, R., Arshad, M., Ahmed, Z., y Hassan., Z.U., 2006. 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylate (acc)-deaminase rhizobacteria extenuates acc-induced classical triple response in etiolated pea seedlings. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38(5):1491-1499.
Shommu, N.S., Vogel, H.J., y Storey, D.G., 2015. Potential of metabolomics to reveal Burkholderia cepacia complex pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6:668.
SIAP, Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera., 2014.
SMN, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional., 2014.
Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. y Higgins, D.G., 1997. The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 25: 4876-4882.
Tsavkelova, E.A., Cherdyntseva, T.A. y Netrusov, A.I., 2005. Auxin production by bacteria associated with orchid roots. Microbiology, 74: 46–53.
Vessey, J.K., 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant and Soil, 255: 571-586.
Viterbo, A., Landau, U., Kim, S., Chernin, L. y Chet, I., 2010. Characterization of ACC deaminase from the biocontrol and plant growth-promoting agent Trichoderma asperellum T203. FEMS Microbiology Letter, 305(1):42-48.
Weisburg, W.G., Barns, S.M., Pelletier, D.A. y Lane, D.J., 1991. 16S Ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. American Society for Microbiology, 173: 697-703.
Wichard, T., Philippebellenger, J., Morel, F.M. y Kraepiel, A.L., 2009. Role of the siderophore azotobactin in the bacterial acquisition of nitrogenase metal cofactors. Enviromental Science Techonology, 43: 7218–7224.
Wu, C.H., Bernard, S.M., Andersen, G.L. y Chen, W., 2009. Developing microbe-plant interactions for applications in plant-growth promotion and disease control, production of useful compounds, remediation and carbon sequestration. Microbial biotechnology, 2: 428-440
Xie, G.H., Cai, M.Y., Tao, G.C. y Steinberg, Y., 2003. Cultivable heterotrophic N2-fixing bacterial diversity in rice fields in the Yangtze River Plain. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 37: 29-38.
Yedidia, I., Benhamou, N. y Chet, I., 1999. Induction of defense responses in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) by the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 65: 1061–1070.