Potential application of catalytic properties of humus on the degradation of priority pollutants
Main Article Content
Abstract
This review provides the state of the art of the catalytic roles of humic substances on the (bio)transformation of priority pollutants. Both biological and abiotic mechanisms are implicated during the conversion of different contaminants in which humic substances play a role. Quinone moieties are the main functional groups involved in the catalytic properties of humus. A large diversity of microorganisms can utilize humic substances as terminal electron acceptors during the anaerobic biodegradation of organic compounds, including recalcitrant pollutants, such as toluene and benzene, which can be mineralized in a few weeks by humus reducing microorganisms. Quinones and humus can also serve as electron shuttles (redox mediators) during the reductive transformation of electron-withdrawing pollutants (e.g. nitroaromatics, azo dyes, polyhalogenated pollutants and oxidized metalloids). The transfer of electrons mediated by humic substances enhances the reductive transformation of several pollutants increasing up to 500-fold the rates of conversion. Reduced quinones and humus can also support the microbial reduction of different electron acceptors (e.g. nitrate, fumarate, arsenate, selenate and perchlorate) by acting as electron donors. The catalytic properties of humus could be applied for the bioremediation of contaminated aquifers and for the anaerobic treatment of industrial wastewaters containing distinct priority pollutants.
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León-García, G. J. (1). Potential application of catalytic properties of humus on the degradation of priority pollutants. Revista Latinoamericana De Recursos Naturales, 3(2), 118-128. Retrieved from https://revista.itson.edu.mx/index.php/rlrn/article/view/97
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
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Barkovskii, A. L. y P. Adriaens., 1998. Impact of humic constituents on microbial dechlorination of polychlorinated dioxins. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 17: 1013-1020.
Benz, M., Schink, B. y Brune, A., 1998. Humic acid reduction by Propionibacterium freudenreichii and other fermentative bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64:4507-4512.
Bradley, P. M., F. H. Chapelle y D. R. Lovley., 1998. Humic acids as electron acceptors for anaerobic microbial oxidation of vinyl chloride and dichloroethene. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64: 3102-3105.
Bruce, R. A., L. A. Achenbach, y J. D. Coates., 1999. Reduction of (per)chlorate by a novel organism isolated from paper mill waste. Environmental Microbiology, 1:319-329.
Cervantes, F. J., Dijksma, W., Duong-Dac, T., Ivanova, A., Lettinga, G. y Field, J. A., 2001a. Anaerobic mineralization of toluene by enriched sediments with quinones and humus as terminal electron acceptors. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67: 4471-4478.
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Cervantes, F.J., van der Zee, F.P., Lettinga, G. y Field, J.A., 2001c. Enhanced decolourisation of acid orange 7 in a continuous UASB reactor with quinones as redox mediators. Water Science and Technology, 44: 123-128.
Cervantes, F.J., Vu-Thi-Thuy, L., Lettinga, G. y Field, J.A., 2004. Quinone-respiration improves dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride by anaerobic sludge. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 64: 702-711.
Childers, S. E., Ciufo, S. y Lovley, D. R., 2002. Geobacter metallireducens accesses insoluble Fe(III) oxide by chemotaxis. Nature, 416: 767-769.
Coates, J. D., Ellis, D. J., Roden, E., Gaw, K., Blunt-Harris, E. L. y Lovley, D. R., 1998. Recovery of humics-reducing bacteria from a diversity of sedimentary environments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64: 1504-1509.
Coates, J. D., K. A. Cole, R. Chakraborty, S. M. O'Connor, y L. A. Achenbach., 2002. Diversity and ubiquity of bacteria capable of utilizing humic substances as electron donors for anaerobic respiration. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68:2445-2452.
Collins, R. y Picardal, F., 1999. Enhanced anaerobic transformation of carbon tetrachloride by soil organic matter. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 18: 2703-2710.
Curtis, C. y Reinhard M., 1994. Reductive dehalogenation of hexachloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, and bromoform by anthrahydroquinone disulphonate and humic acid. Environmental Science and Technology, 28: 2393-2401.
Donlon, B., Razo-Flores, E., Luijten, M., Swarts, H., Lettinga, G. y Field, J. (1997). Detoxification and partial mineralization of the azo dye mordant orange 1 in a continuous anaerobic sludge-blanket reactor. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 47: 83-90.
Dunnivant, F., Schwarzenbach R. y Macalady D., 1992. Reduction of substituted nitrobenzenes in aqueous solutions containing natural organic matter. Environmental Science and Technology, 26: 2133-2142.
Encinas-Yocupicio A.A., Razo-Flores E., Sánchez-Díaz F., dos Santos A.B., Field J.A. y Cervantes F.J., 2006. Catalytic effects of different redox mediators on the reductive decolorization of azo dyes. Water Science and Technology, 54(2): 165-170.
Field, J. A., Cervantes, F. J., van der Zee, F. P. y Lettinga, G., 2000. Role of quinones in the biodegradation of priority pollutants: a review. Water Science and Technology, 42:215-222.
Finneran, K. T. y Lovley D. R., 2001. Anaerobic degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). Environmental Science and Technology, 35: 1785-1790.
Fiorenza, S. y Rifai, H., 2003. Review of MTBE biodegradation and bioremediation. Bioremediation Journal, 7: 1-35.
Francis, C. A., Obraztsova, A. Y. y Tebo, B. M., 2000. Dissimilatory metal reduction by the facultative anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66: 543-548.
Fredrickson, J. K., Kostandarithes, H. M., Li, S. W., Plymale, A. E. y Daly, M. J., 2000. Reduction of Fe(III), Cr(VI), U(VI), and Tc(VII) by Deinococcus radiodurans R1. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66: 2006-2011.
Hutchins, S. R., Sewell G. W., Kovacs D. A. y Smith G. A., 1991. Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by aquifer microorganisms under denitrifying conditions. Environmental Science and Technology, 25: 68-76.
Kudlich, M., Keck, A., Klein, J. y Stolz, A., 1997. Localization of the enzyme system involved in anaerobic reduction of azo dyes by Sphingomonas sp. Strain BN6 and effect of artificial redox mediators on the rate of azo dye reduction. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 63: 3691-3694.
Laszlo, J. A., 2000. Regeneration of azo-dye-saturated cellulosic anion exchange resin by Burkholderia cepacia. Environmental Science and Technology, 34: 167-172.
Lovley, D. R., Coates, J. D., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Phillips, E. J. P. y Woodward, J. C., 1996a. Humic substances as electron acceptors for microbial respiration. Nature, 382: 445-448.
Lovley, D. R., Fraga, J. L., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Hayes, L. A., Phillips, E. J. P., y Coates, J. D., 1998. Humic substances as a mediator for microbially catalyzed metal reduction. Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 26: 152-157.
Lovley, D. R., Woodward J. C. y Chapelle F. H., 1996b. Rapid anaerobic benzene oxidation with a variety of chelated Fe(III) forms. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62: 288-291.
Nevin, K.P. y Lovley, D.R., 2000. Potential for nonenzymatic reduction of Fe(III) via electron shuttling in subsurface sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34: 2472-2478.
Newman, D. K., y Kolter, R., 2000. A role for excreted quinones in extracellular electron transfer. Nature, 405: 94-97.
Razo-Flores, E., Lettinga, G. y Field, J.A., 1999. Biotransformation and biodegradation of selected
nitroaromatics under anaerobic conditions. Biotechnology Progress, 15: 358-365.
Schwarzenbach, R., Stierli, R., Lanz, K. y Zeyer, J., 1990. Quinone and iron porphyrin mediated reduction of nitroaromatic compounds in homogeneous aqueous solution. Environmental Science and Technology, 24: 1566-1574.
Scott, D. T., McKnight, D. M., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Kolesar, S. E. y Lovley, D. R., 1998. Quinone moieties act as electron acceptors in the reduction of humic substances by humicsreducing microorganisms. Environmental Science and Technology, 32: 2984-2989.
Slobodkin, A. I., Tourova, T. P., Kuznetsov, B. B., Kostrikina, N. A., Chernyh, N. A., y Bonch-Osmolovskaya, E. A., 1999. Thermoanaerobacter siderophilus sp. nov., a novel dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing, anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 49: 1471-1478.
Stevenson, F. J., 1994. Humus chemistry: genesis, Composition, Reactions, 2nd ed. Wiley, New York.
Stone, A. T. y Morgan J. J., 1984. Reduction of manganese(III) and manganese(IV) oxides by organics. 1. Reaction with hydroquinone. Environmental Science and Technology, 18: 450-456.
van der Zee, F. P., Bouwman, R. H. M., Strik, D. P. B. T. B., Lettinga, G., y Field, J. A., 2001. Application of redox mediators to accelerate the transformation of reactive azo dyes in anaerobic bioreactors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 75: 691-701.
Zachara, J.M., Fredrickson, J. K., Li, S. M., Kennedy, D. W., Smith, S. C. y Gassman, P. L., 1998. Bacterial reduction of crystalline Fe3+ oxides in single phase suspensions and subsurface materials. American Mineralogist, 83: 1426-1443.
Anderson, R. T. y D. R. Lovley., 2000. Anaerobic bioremediation of benzene under sulfate-reducing conditions in a petroleum-contaminated aquifer. Environmental Science and Technology, 34: 2261-2266.
ANIG., 1998. Anuario estadístico de la industria química mexicana. Asociación Nacional de la Industria Química. 313 pp. México, D. F.
Barkovskii, A. L. y P. Adriaens., 1998. Impact of humic constituents on microbial dechlorination of polychlorinated dioxins. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 17: 1013-1020.
Benz, M., Schink, B. y Brune, A., 1998. Humic acid reduction by Propionibacterium freudenreichii and other fermentative bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64:4507-4512.
Bradley, P. M., F. H. Chapelle y D. R. Lovley., 1998. Humic acids as electron acceptors for anaerobic microbial oxidation of vinyl chloride and dichloroethene. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64: 3102-3105.
Bruce, R. A., L. A. Achenbach, y J. D. Coates., 1999. Reduction of (per)chlorate by a novel organism isolated from paper mill waste. Environmental Microbiology, 1:319-329.
Cervantes, F. J., Dijksma, W., Duong-Dac, T., Ivanova, A., Lettinga, G. y Field, J. A., 2001a. Anaerobic mineralization of toluene by enriched sediments with quinones and humus as terminal electron acceptors. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67: 4471-4478.
Cervantes, F. J., van der Velde, S., Lettinga, G. y Field, J. A., 2000a. Competition between methanogenesis and quinone respiration for ecologically important substrates in anaerobic consortia. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 34: 161-171.
Cervantes, F. J., van der Velde, S., Lettinga, G. y Field, J. A., 2000b. Quinones as terminal electron acceptors for anaerobic microbial oxidation of phenolic compounds. Biodegradation, 11: 313-321.
Cervantes, F.J., De Bok F. A. M., Duong-Dac T., Stams, A. J. M., Lettinga G. y Field J. A., 2002. Reduction of humic substances by halorespiring, sulphate-reducing and methanogenic microorganisms. Environmental Microbiology, 4: 51-57.
Cervantes, F.J., van der Zee, F.P., Lettinga, G. y Field, J.A., 2001c. Enhanced decolourisation of acid orange 7 in a continuous UASB reactor with quinones as redox mediators. Water Science and Technology, 44: 123-128.
Cervantes, F.J., Vu-Thi-Thuy, L., Lettinga, G. y Field, J.A., 2004. Quinone-respiration improves dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride by anaerobic sludge. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 64: 702-711.
Childers, S. E., Ciufo, S. y Lovley, D. R., 2002. Geobacter metallireducens accesses insoluble Fe(III) oxide by chemotaxis. Nature, 416: 767-769.
Coates, J. D., Ellis, D. J., Roden, E., Gaw, K., Blunt-Harris, E. L. y Lovley, D. R., 1998. Recovery of humics-reducing bacteria from a diversity of sedimentary environments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64: 1504-1509.
Coates, J. D., K. A. Cole, R. Chakraborty, S. M. O'Connor, y L. A. Achenbach., 2002. Diversity and ubiquity of bacteria capable of utilizing humic substances as electron donors for anaerobic respiration. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68:2445-2452.
Collins, R. y Picardal, F., 1999. Enhanced anaerobic transformation of carbon tetrachloride by soil organic matter. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 18: 2703-2710.
Curtis, C. y Reinhard M., 1994. Reductive dehalogenation of hexachloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, and bromoform by anthrahydroquinone disulphonate and humic acid. Environmental Science and Technology, 28: 2393-2401.
Donlon, B., Razo-Flores, E., Luijten, M., Swarts, H., Lettinga, G. y Field, J. (1997). Detoxification and partial mineralization of the azo dye mordant orange 1 in a continuous anaerobic sludge-blanket reactor. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 47: 83-90.
Dunnivant, F., Schwarzenbach R. y Macalady D., 1992. Reduction of substituted nitrobenzenes in aqueous solutions containing natural organic matter. Environmental Science and Technology, 26: 2133-2142.
Encinas-Yocupicio A.A., Razo-Flores E., Sánchez-Díaz F., dos Santos A.B., Field J.A. y Cervantes F.J., 2006. Catalytic effects of different redox mediators on the reductive decolorization of azo dyes. Water Science and Technology, 54(2): 165-170.
Field, J. A., Cervantes, F. J., van der Zee, F. P. y Lettinga, G., 2000. Role of quinones in the biodegradation of priority pollutants: a review. Water Science and Technology, 42:215-222.
Finneran, K. T. y Lovley D. R., 2001. Anaerobic degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). Environmental Science and Technology, 35: 1785-1790.
Fiorenza, S. y Rifai, H., 2003. Review of MTBE biodegradation and bioremediation. Bioremediation Journal, 7: 1-35.
Francis, C. A., Obraztsova, A. Y. y Tebo, B. M., 2000. Dissimilatory metal reduction by the facultative anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66: 543-548.
Fredrickson, J. K., Kostandarithes, H. M., Li, S. W., Plymale, A. E. y Daly, M. J., 2000. Reduction of Fe(III), Cr(VI), U(VI), and Tc(VII) by Deinococcus radiodurans R1. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66: 2006-2011.
Hutchins, S. R., Sewell G. W., Kovacs D. A. y Smith G. A., 1991. Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by aquifer microorganisms under denitrifying conditions. Environmental Science and Technology, 25: 68-76.
Kudlich, M., Keck, A., Klein, J. y Stolz, A., 1997. Localization of the enzyme system involved in anaerobic reduction of azo dyes by Sphingomonas sp. Strain BN6 and effect of artificial redox mediators on the rate of azo dye reduction. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 63: 3691-3694.
Laszlo, J. A., 2000. Regeneration of azo-dye-saturated cellulosic anion exchange resin by Burkholderia cepacia. Environmental Science and Technology, 34: 167-172.
Lovley, D. R., Coates, J. D., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Phillips, E. J. P. y Woodward, J. C., 1996a. Humic substances as electron acceptors for microbial respiration. Nature, 382: 445-448.
Lovley, D. R., Fraga, J. L., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Hayes, L. A., Phillips, E. J. P., y Coates, J. D., 1998. Humic substances as a mediator for microbially catalyzed metal reduction. Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 26: 152-157.
Lovley, D. R., Woodward J. C. y Chapelle F. H., 1996b. Rapid anaerobic benzene oxidation with a variety of chelated Fe(III) forms. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62: 288-291.
Nevin, K.P. y Lovley, D.R., 2000. Potential for nonenzymatic reduction of Fe(III) via electron shuttling in subsurface sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34: 2472-2478.
Newman, D. K., y Kolter, R., 2000. A role for excreted quinones in extracellular electron transfer. Nature, 405: 94-97.
Razo-Flores, E., Lettinga, G. y Field, J.A., 1999. Biotransformation and biodegradation of selected
nitroaromatics under anaerobic conditions. Biotechnology Progress, 15: 358-365.
Schwarzenbach, R., Stierli, R., Lanz, K. y Zeyer, J., 1990. Quinone and iron porphyrin mediated reduction of nitroaromatic compounds in homogeneous aqueous solution. Environmental Science and Technology, 24: 1566-1574.
Scott, D. T., McKnight, D. M., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Kolesar, S. E. y Lovley, D. R., 1998. Quinone moieties act as electron acceptors in the reduction of humic substances by humicsreducing microorganisms. Environmental Science and Technology, 32: 2984-2989.
Slobodkin, A. I., Tourova, T. P., Kuznetsov, B. B., Kostrikina, N. A., Chernyh, N. A., y Bonch-Osmolovskaya, E. A., 1999. Thermoanaerobacter siderophilus sp. nov., a novel dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing, anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 49: 1471-1478.
Stevenson, F. J., 1994. Humus chemistry: genesis, Composition, Reactions, 2nd ed. Wiley, New York.
Stone, A. T. y Morgan J. J., 1984. Reduction of manganese(III) and manganese(IV) oxides by organics. 1. Reaction with hydroquinone. Environmental Science and Technology, 18: 450-456.
van der Zee, F. P., Bouwman, R. H. M., Strik, D. P. B. T. B., Lettinga, G., y Field, J. A., 2001. Application of redox mediators to accelerate the transformation of reactive azo dyes in anaerobic bioreactors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 75: 691-701.
Zachara, J.M., Fredrickson, J. K., Li, S. M., Kennedy, D. W., Smith, S. C. y Gassman, P. L., 1998. Bacterial reduction of crystalline Fe3+ oxides in single phase suspensions and subsurface materials. American Mineralogist, 83: 1426-1443.